Condenser for locomotives



Aug. 1 3, 929. I F. I JUNGSTRM ET A l.

CONDENSER FOR LOCOMOTIVES Fileq May 10, 1922' 2 sheets-sheet 1 PatentedAug. 13, 1929.

UNITED` STATES FREDRIK LJUNGSTRM, OF LIDINGO-BREVIK, AND ALF LYSHOLM, FSTOCKHOLM,

SWEDEN, ASSIGNORS TO AKTIEBOLAGET LJUNGSTRMS NGTURBN,

HOLM, SWEDEN, A CORPORATION.

or s'rocii- OONDENSER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

Application filed May 10, 1922,*Seria1No. 559,829, and in SwedenFebruary 15, 1922.

In locomotives driven by steam engines and provided with air cooledcondensers it has proved diflicult to force the quantityl of airnecessary for the cooling operation 5 through the condenser by means offans in such a manner thaty the necessary vacuum is always available inthe condenser. In similar constructions it has previously been suggestedto actuate the fans either from the driving wheels of 'the .locomotive`or from the main machinery of the locomotive. It being of greatadvantage to start `the locomotive while a good vacuum is prevailing inthe condenser, the fans which force the cooling air should be startedbefore the main driving motor of the locomotive. In known constructionsthis has not been pos sible unless the fans are actuated from the mainmachinery which, however, will promote inconveniences and-result in toogreat I a consumption of steam for the operation of said fans.

The object ofthe present invention is to prevent said linconveniencesandto provideV a simplified actuating device for the fans.

According to the invention this object isattained by the fan orfansbeing driven by a separate or auxiliary steam turbine, independentof the main steam engine. of the locomotive, by the intermediary of atoothed gearing.'

The main steam engine and the auxiliary steam turbine preferablyco-operate with one and the same condenser by which the advantage isobtained that the effect of the auxiliary turbine will be large owing tothe high vacuum necessary for the main steam engine.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig.1 shows a 40 complete locomotive according to a preferred embodiment ofthe invention, whereas Fig. 2 shows a partial sectional view of theauxiliary steam turbine and the toothed gearing in a somewhat modifiedembodiment.

In said drawings the condenser comprises an air-cooled part 1 and anaccumulating receptacle 3. For full description and operation of thecondenser reference is directed to the Patent No. 1,407,072. The airused for the cooling operation is forced by the fans 2 each of which isdriven by means of bevel gears from the common shaft 6. At the one endthe shaft 6 is connected by means o-f toothed gearing with a steamturbine 16 actuated by live steam from the boiler 18 and the outlet 16aof which opens directly into the liquid receptacle 3 pertaining to thecondenser. The turbine 16, its toothed gearing, the shaft 6 and thebevel gears of the fan-or fans will be more clearly described withreference to Fig. 2.` Y

In the locomotive as illustrated in Fig. 1 the main machinery 12consists of a steam turbine from which the power is transmitted to thedriving wheels 11 lby the aid of toothed gearing 9 and coupling rods 10.The driving turbine 16 for the fans is controlled by an admission device17 ,which receives steam from the boiler or from the inlet 'pipe of themain engine. By this admission device 17 the operation of the fans canalways be controlled from the drivers cab in order that a suitablevacuum may always be obtained in the condenser as required.

The steam turbine 16 is placed above the main turbine 12 and connectedto the liquid receptacle 3 between theoutlet of the main turbine 12 andthe receptacle proper. Consequently, itis placed on the .condenserorrather on its accumulator member.

The liquid in the receptacle 3 circulates 1n such manner that the watersprinkles down from the perforated plate 15 through the steam in finelydivided jets. The pump 111V which efects the circulation of water fromthe bottom'of the receptacle up to the perforatedplate 15,7is actuatedbythe same driving engine 16 as the fans, it being generally of advantageto start said pumplt at the same time as the fans 2.

The pump shownon the drawing con* sists of a propeller pump coupleddirectly to the shaft of the rear fan, but obviously said pump may becoupled to any fan shaft, for instance to an intermediate one.

By means of this construction the fans may be started or stoppedindependently of the movement of the locomotive or the operation of themain machinery, and on stopping at a station the fans may con- 100 tinueto cool the condensate so as to eifect a high vacuum for the next startof the locomotive from the station. Furthermore the fans may be stoppedaltogether, when sulicient vacuum is produced in the con- 105 denser orwhen the locomotive runs down an incline, the main machinery being thenstopped and no steam delivered to the condenser.

According to Fig. 2 the auxiliary steam 110 turbine 16 instead ofexhausting directly into the receptacle 3 exhausts into a steamdistributing pipe 19 situated above the receptacle 3 and deliveringsteamto the air cooled part (not shown). The turbine is mounted overhanging,that is to say,l only on one side of the turbine wheels, and has itsoutlet 21 arranged in an axial direction. The turbine is driven by steamfrom t-he nozzles 22 and has a very high number of revolutions. Thefirst pinion 23 of the toothed gearing drives a gear wheel 25 attachedto the shaft 24. Shaft 24 also carries toothed pinions 26 driving gearwheels 28 attached to the hollow shaft 27. VExtending through thehollon7 shaft 27 is the shaft 6 which is 4common to all the fans 2 andconnected with shaft 27 by means of a diaphragm coupling 29. ,y

The turbine disks are made in one piece with the turbine shaft 30whichis hollow so as to' attain the same temperature throughout theextension thereof. rlhe turbine'shaft 30 is. journalled Aat 31 kand 32,between which bearings the shaft is provided with a boss 33 as acounterweight to the turbine. The first pinion y23 of the toothedgearing may be mounted on the turbine shaft by means of a diaphragmcoupling 35 and a threaded coupling 34 and by shaft 36 extending throughthe hollowfdriving shaft 36%. The construction and' action of thediaphragms isv fully described in an application of Fredrik Ljungstrm,one of the vjoint applicants hereto, ,No 410,193, filed on September14th, 1920.

`Mounted within the post'20 is the f-anA shaft ending at the bottom in abevel gear k39 meshing with a bevel gear 40 attached to the shaft 6which is common to all the fans 2. These two gears may be `surrounded bya casing 41 which in-the'embodiment shown is divided at right angles tothe plane, y

of the paper. The lower portion of the casing 41 is mounted on thecondenser' receptacle 3, whereas the upper portion is attached to thefan disk so as to be able to rotate together therewith.

Onraccount of varying temperature Vin the condenser the height of thesteam pipe 19 above the condenser receptacle 3 will vary due to theexpansion of the different parts of the condenser, so that said pipe 19cannot be butt-connected in its overhanging portion with the steamdischarge pipe 21 and the casing of the spur gearing 23, 25, 26, 28. Inthe embodiment shown said gear -casing is rigidly mounted on the steamoutlet of the main turbine 12, whereas the steam outlet 21 of the-auxiliary turbine 16 is resiliently connected with the steamdistributing pipe 19 as shown at 21a. For the same reason the height ofthe common driving shaft 6 above thev condenser recep tacle 3 will bevariable, but to a. lesser extent, the diaphragm coupling 29 having thento adapt itself for the position established.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States of America is In steam driven locomotives, the combinationof a condenser consisting of an air cooled part and an accumulatingreceptacle,

and a pluralityof fans for forcing air through the air-cooled part, withan auxiliarysteam turbine for driving the fans by means of intermediategearing from a common shaft, and means for connecting thev exhaust portof said turbine to the accumulating receptacle.

A In testimony whereof we affix oursigna'- tures.

ALF LYSHOLM.

FREDRIK LJNGSTRM. l

